
The Effects of Inbreeding on Royalty
Tutankhamun died at 17, with theories suggesting he may have fallen from his chariot or been murdered. However, less known is his sickly life due to inbreeding, resulting in a club foot and malformed skull. Geneticist Carsten Pusch noted that inbreeding reduces health and increases malformations. Similarly, the European Hapsburg dynasty suffered severe facial abnormalities and mental disabilities due to generations of inbreeding.